https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48700 Wed 29 Mar 2023 11:35:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43672 Wed 28 Sep 2022 14:35:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52745 n = 96) was shown to be effective in weight loss, adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese men. A full effectiveness trial is now needed. Aims: To determine the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of Rugby Fans In Training-NZ (RUFIT-NZ) on weight loss, fitness, blood pressure, lifestyle change, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) at 12- and 52-weeks. Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, two-arm, multi-center, randomized controlled trial in NZ with 378 (target 308) overweight and obese men aged 30-65 years, randomized to an intervention group or wait-list control group. The 12-week RUFIT-NZ program was a gender-sensitised, healthy lifestyle intervention delivered through professional rugby clubs. Each intervention session included: i) a 1-h workshop-based education component focused on nutrition, physical activity, sleep, sedentary behavior, and learning evidence-based behavior change strategies for sustaining a healthier lifestyle; and 2) a 1-h group-based, but individually tailored, exercise training session. The control group were offered RUFIT-NZ after 52-weeks. The primary outcome was change in body weight from baseline to 52-weeks. Secondary outcomes included change in body weight at 12-weeks, waist circumference, blood pressure, fitness (cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal), lifestyle behaviors (leisure-time physical activity, sleep, smoking status, and alcohol and dietary quality), and health-related quality of life at 12- and 52-weeks. Results: Our final analysis included 200 participants (intervention n = 103; control n = 97) who were able to complete the RUFIT-NZ intervention prior to COVID-19 restrictions. At 52-weeks, the adjusted mean group difference in weight change (primary outcome) was -2.77 kg (95% CI -4.92 to -0.61), which favored the intervention group. The intervention also resulted in favorable significant differences in weight change and fruit and vegetable consumption at 12-weeks; and waist circumference, fitness outcomes, physical activity levels, and health-related quality of life at both 12 and 52 weeks. No significant intervention effects were observed for blood pressure, or sleep. Incremental cost-effective ratios estimated were $259 per kg lost, or $40,269 per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Conclusion: RUFIT-NZ resulted in sustained positive changes in weight, waist circumference, physical fitness, self-reported physical activity, selected dietary outcomes, and health-related quality of life in overweight/obese men. As such, the program should be recommended for sustained delivery beyond this trial, involving other rugby clubs across NZ.]]> Wed 28 Feb 2024 16:35:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53444 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:36:47 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52323 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:30:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47159 Wed 28 Feb 2024 14:59:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50627 Wed 28 Feb 2024 14:48:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45192 2, liver fat content of 8.37 ± 6.90%, HOMA-IR of 3.07 ± 2.33 and CRF of 21.52 ± 3.77 mL/kg/min participated in this study. CRF was inversely associated with liver fat content (r= − 0.28, p = 0.019) and HOMA-IR (r = − 0.40, p < 0.001). Participants with T2D had significantly higher liver fat content (+ 3.66%, p = 0.024) and HOMA-IR (+ 2.44, p < 0.001) than participants without T2D. Participants with T2D tended to have lower CRF than participants without T2D (− 1.5 ml/kg/min, p = 0.094). Conclusion: CRF was inversely associated with liver fat content and insulin resistance. Participants with T2D had lower CRF than those without T2D, however, the difference was not statistically significant. Further longitudinal studies are required to elucidate the relationship between CRF and the progression of obesity-related diseases such as T2D. Registration: ACTRN12614001220651 (retrospectively registered on the 19th November 2014) and ACTRN12614000723684 (prospectively registered on the 8th July 2014).]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 14:25:15 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45030 TAS2R4 (rs2233998 and rs2234001) and TAS2R5 (rs2227264) were associated with body mass index (BMI). Genotyping (Taqman qPCR assays) was performed on DNA extracted from blood samples (n = 563) from an elderly cohort. Homozygosity for the minor allele of all polymorphisms was significantly associated with a lower BMI in males. The TAS2R4-rs2233998 CC genotype, the TAS2R4-rs2234001 CC genotype and the TAS2R5-rs2227264 TT genotype were associated with lower BMI (2.1, 2.1 and 2.2 units; p = 0.002, 0.003 and 0.001, respectively). Epicatechin intake was not associated with BMI and genotype was not associated with epicatechin intake. This suggests that the association between TAS2R genotype and elevated BMI risk occurs through altered extra-oral responses and not directly via altered epicatechin intake.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 10:43:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38805 Wed 24 May 2023 13:11:33 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51280 Wed 20 Sep 2023 11:45:13 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37585 Wed 19 Jan 2022 15:19:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48953 Wed 19 Apr 2023 12:42:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51025 Wed 16 Aug 2023 10:02:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39598 Wed 15 Jun 2022 12:54:07 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46414 Wed 15 Feb 2023 16:09:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47185 Healthy Dads Healthy Kids was the first obesity prevention intervention targeting fathers and demonstrated weight loss among fathers and behavior change among fathers and children in Australia. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a culturally adapted version of the program for Hispanic families, Papás Saludables Niños Saludables. Methods: A randomized waitlist controlled trial with a process evaluation was conducted to assess the feasibility of Papás Saludables Niños Saludables(NCT03532048). Fathers, their partner (mother), and one to three children were enrolled. A priori feasibility criteria were: (1) recruit 40 Hispanic fathers and their families in ≤4 months; (2) retain 80% of participants for pre- and postassessments; (3) maintain ≥70% attendance to the 10 sessions; (4) obtain 80% “excellent” or “good” satisfaction from participants; and (5) collect anthropometric and behavioral data on ≥75% of participants at baseline and follow-up. Results: The study enrolled 90% (n = 36) of the goal from one local pediatric clinic between May and August 2018; retained 75% of participants for postassessment; maintained 72% attendance among those who started the program; and achieved 100% “excellent/good” satisfaction ratings among the participating fathers and mothers. One hundred percent of participants had most anthropometric and behavioral data at baseline and 72% at follow-up. Conclusions: With oversampling and improvements in the recruitment strategies, Papás Saludables Niños Saludables is feasible for a randomized controlled clinical trial to address whether a father-targeted lifestyle program is efficacious among low-income Hispanic men and their children.]]> Wed 14 Dec 2022 16:03:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47448 0.05). Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides pooled evidence that NAFLD is associated with a substantial increase in maternal diabetic and hypertensive complications and multiple adverse fetal outcomes. This data is important for clinicians managing these patients before, during and after pregnancy.]]> Wed 13 Mar 2024 08:07:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47060 Wed 13 Mar 2024 08:04:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44372 90% of participating schools). The implementation of practices regarding the restriction of unhealthy drinks in school canteens, healthy school fundraisers and staff training related to healthy eating was reported in under 25% of participating schools. There were no significant differences in implementation by school sector, socio-economic status and geographic location. The main barrier to inclusion of nutrition policies and practices in the school plan was having other priorities and commitments (28.5%), and the main facilitator was support from stakeholders, the staff, students and their parents (37.2%). Conclusions: There is opportunity to improve the implementation of nutrition policies and practices in NSW secondary schools. So What?: Strategies are needed for targeting barriers. These include: gaining support from school staff, students and parents, provision of resources and funding and staff training.]]> Wed 12 Oct 2022 10:45:26 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53698 Wed 10 Jan 2024 10:49:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53683 Wed 10 Jan 2024 10:27:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46018 90th percentile. Fasting glucose and c-peptide values were the strongest mediators in the linear associations between maternal BMI category and neonatal size and adiposity. Conclusions: Maternal overweight and obesity were associated with higher odds of neonatal BW and adiposity >90th percentile. Fasting measures of glucose metabolism were the strongest mediators of these associations, suggesting that future studies should investigate whether incorporation of these markers in pregnant women with obesity may improve prediction of neonatal size and adiposity.]]> Wed 09 Nov 2022 12:33:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46022 300 inflammatory genes were similarly regulated in the uterine endometrium by mating independently of paternal diet, and 13 were dysregulated by HFD-fed compared with CD-fed males. Seminal vesicle fluid factors reduced in HFD-fed males, including TGF-β1, IL-10, and TNF, were among the predicted upstream regulators of differentially regulated genes. Additionally, the T-cell response induced by mating with CD-fed males was blunted after mating with HFD-fed males, with 27% fewer CD4⁺ T cells, 26% fewer FOXP3⁺CD4⁺ regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, and 19% fewer CTLA4⁺ Treg cells, particularly within the NRP1⁺ thymic Treg cell population. These findings demonstrate that an obesogenic HFD alters the composition of seminal vesicle fluid and impairs seminal plasma capacity to elicit a favorable pro-tolerogenic immune response in females at conception.]]> Wed 09 Nov 2022 11:05:03 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38157  3 months. Conclusions: Although differences in outcome effectiveness were identified between gender-targeted and gender-neutral studies, these were not significantly different. This is likely due to an insufficient number of studies to detect a difference. The meta-analysis for fruit and vegetable intake findings should be interpreted with caution due to including only two gender-targeted studies. The findings collectively are suggestive of a potential difference requiring further investigation. To truly determine the effectiveness of gender-targeted interventions, well-designed RCTs comparing gender-targeted interventions with gender-neutral and control are needed. Registration: This systematic review is a secondary analysis of studies included in a systematic review examining the effectiveness of interventions targeting nutrition, physical activity, or overweight/obesity in young adults, for which a predefined protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017075795).]]> Wed 04 Aug 2021 18:23:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38126 Wed 04 Aug 2021 15:14:30 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41409 Wed 03 Aug 2022 11:24:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54524 Tue 27 Feb 2024 19:29:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41119 Tue 26 Jul 2022 13:42:07 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50402 Tue 25 Jul 2023 14:14:11 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48545 Tue 21 Mar 2023 15:23:47 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54355 Tue 20 Feb 2024 16:20:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44751 Tue 19 Mar 2024 15:56:45 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52575 Tue 17 Oct 2023 15:48:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52536 Tue 17 Oct 2023 10:05:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48302 Tue 14 Mar 2023 14:20:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54233 Tue 13 Feb 2024 12:27:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47064 Tue 13 Dec 2022 15:46:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52374 Tue 10 Oct 2023 14:37:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45992 Tue 08 Nov 2022 15:15:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38093 'Health Workplace Framework and Model') which aims to provide a sustained approach to wellness in the workplace. This paper presents baseline findings from a pilot study that aimed to implement RESHAPE at three mine sites in NSW, Australia, and investigates the issue of overweight and obesity in the coal mining industry. Across three mine sites, 949 coal miners were examined cross-sectionally on a range of workplace, wellness, health, diet, and exercise factors using a paper-based survey. This was a predominantly male sample (90.4%) with the majority (59.2%) of participants aged 25-44 years. Selfreported height and weight measures indicated that less than 20 percent (18.9%) of participants were in a healthy BMI range, while there were effectively equal numbers of overweight (40.9%) and obese (39.1%) participants. Only 3.5% of participants met the daily recommendation for vegetables (5 serves) and shift-workers had greater association with elevated BMI compared to non-shift workers (B = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.23, 2.20, p = 0.016). Poor nutrition is likely to be a key component in elevated levels of overweight and obesity within this industry, with workplace factors compounding challenges workers face in implementing health behavior change. Future studies would benefit from assessing diet and physical activity knowledge in relation to recommendations and serving sizes.]]> Tue 03 Aug 2021 18:29:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41190 Thu 28 Jul 2022 11:12:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41149 Thu 28 Jul 2022 09:13:20 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45290 5% of initial body weight). Positive results were maintained at evaluations by participants in the HI treatment arm who attended, but only 31% of participants at 6 months and 21% at 12 months were followed up. Discussion: Participant engagement and retention and practitioner workload burden are key factors in the design of weight management programmes in primary care. Many lessons can be obtained as a result of this trial, and programme adjustments have been identified to improve its delivery model.]]> Thu 27 Oct 2022 13:55:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49661 Thu 25 May 2023 16:36:51 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41092 Thu 25 Jan 2024 15:57:18 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45682 Thu 25 Jan 2024 14:40:06 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53859 Thu 25 Jan 2024 13:30:01 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45006 Thu 23 Mar 2023 13:24:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38572 Thu 18 Nov 2021 12:07:16 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55339 Thu 16 May 2024 16:37:15 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40031 Thu 14 Jul 2022 13:53:12 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50231 Thu 13 Jul 2023 10:43:48 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48874 Thu 13 Apr 2023 11:37:46 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38207 25), had attended a consultation in the last 6 months and had a diagnosis of at least one of the following: diabetes, kidney disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with patients. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: While a strong general practitioner (GP)-patient relationship enabled conversation to occur about weight management there was uncertainty as to whether patients or GPs should broach the topic of weight. Patients described complacency regarding their weight and often being unprepared to take up GP advice. Other health issues were felt to take precedence, and patients described inconsistent provision of information and resources to assist them in tackling their weight problems. Conclusions: It is imperative to take into account patient perspectives on obesity management in general practice in order to improve health outcomes. This study provides valuable insights into how PwO can be better managed. Interventions should also include strategies to help patients maintain motivation in making lifestyle changes to support healthy weight loss.]]> Thu 12 Aug 2021 12:13:45 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49314 Thu 11 May 2023 14:39:45 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38459 Thu 08 Jun 2023 15:45:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37939 60%), attendance (80%), retention (≥85%), and program acceptability (≥4 out of 5). Acceptability of data collection procedures, research team program/resource management, home-program compliance, and preliminary intervention outcomes were also assessed. Results: Feasibility benchmarks were surpassed for recruitment (24 dyads), eligibility rate (61.5%), attendance (89%), retention (100%), and program acceptability (4.6 out of 5). Data collection procedures were acceptable. Challenges included mothers reporting their own dietary intake rather than their child’s, children moving during body composition measurement, and resetting pedometers. Resource and program management were excellent. Most families met home-program requirements (83%). Preliminary intervention outcomes were encouraging for fathers and children. Conclusion: Program feasibility was demonstrated by excellent recruitment, attendance, acceptability, retention, program administration, and promising preliminary intervention outcomes. A few data collection difficulties were identified. A larger scale efficacy trial is warranted.]]> Thu 08 Jul 2021 16:41:31 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48221 Sat 11 Mar 2023 12:36:40 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48193 Sat 11 Mar 2023 12:30:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38451 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:57:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38154 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:46:57 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53435 Mon 27 Nov 2023 11:47:52 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44809 2 times/week but 1 but ≤2 times/week (6·8 kg (95 % CI 1·8, 11·8); 2·1 kg/m2 (95 % CI 0·3, 4·0) and 6·0 cm (95 % CI 1·7, 10·4)). This association was dose-dependent such that for every increase in category of weekly meat intake (i.e. >1 time/week but ≤2 times/week; >2 times/week but less than daily, and daily or multiple times/d), an associated 2·6 kg (95 % CI 1·8, 3·4) increase in BW, 0·9 kg/m2 (95 % CI 0·6, 1·2) increase in BMI and 2·3 cm (95 % CI 1·6, 3·0) increase in WC was reported. Conclusions: BW, BMI and WC are lower in women following PBD and positively associated with increasing meat consumption. Results were robust to adjustment for confounders including physical activity levels, smoking status, habitual alcohol intake, use of supplements, and hormone replacement therapy.]]> Mon 24 Oct 2022 09:31:34 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44799 Mon 24 Oct 2022 09:24:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39180 n = 29/32) were included in the current analysis (male: n = 22, 36.07%). DHA-enriched fish oil supplementation increased total testosterone levels in males after adjusting for baseline levels, age and BMI. There was no treatment effect in females. Changes in testosterone levels in males were positively associated with changes to omega-3 PUFAs EPA and DHA and inversely correlated with omega-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid content in erythrocyte membranes, and was associated with beneficial changes to fasting insulin and HOMA-IR across the course of the study. DHA-enriched fish oil supplementation increases testosterone levels in overweight and obese men. Further research is warranted to substantiate these findings with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period.]]> Mon 23 May 2022 16:16:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49567 Mon 22 May 2023 09:20:27 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53930 Mon 22 Jan 2024 16:50:49 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37778 Mon 19 Apr 2021 10:43:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51776 Mon 18 Sep 2023 15:03:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50096 1c 8.4 ± 1.6%) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was used to quantify arterial stiffness. Aerobic fitness (relative V̇O_2peak ) was determined via indirect calorimetry during maximal exercise testing. Central body fatness was determined using waist circumference. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regressions. After adjustment for sex and duration of T2D, each one standard deviation (SD) increase in age (8.68 years) was associated with a 0.63 m·s^-1 increase in cfPWV (β = 0.416, p = 0.001). Following adjustment for aerobic fitness and body fatness, the standardized β was unchanged (0.417). A one SD increase in waist circumference (13.9 cm) and relative V̇O_2peak (5.3 ml·kg^-1 ·min^-1 ) were associated with a similar magnitude of difference in cfPWV (0.47 m·s^-1 and -0.44 m·s^-1 , respectively). Therefore, age is a significant correlate of increased arterial stiffness in T2D, with higher aerobic fitness attenuating, and higher body fatness exacerbating, this increase. Interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in people with T2D should target both increased aerobic fitness and reduced body fatness.]]> Mon 17 Jul 2023 11:57:25 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53786 Mon 15 Jan 2024 10:37:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37007 ENO and symptoms (F_ENO group). Exacerbations were recorded prospectively. Height and weight were measured at baseline, and in late pregnancy. GWG was categorized according to Institute of Medicine guidelines. A validated parent-completed questionnaire assessed infant wheeze-related outcomes. Results: F_ENO-based management was associated with a significantly lower incidence rate ratio for maternal exacerbations in nonobese mothers (0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31-0.88, P = .015, n = 129), and women with GWG within recommendations (0.35, 95% CI, 0.12-0.96, P = .042, n = 43), but not for obese mothers (0.59, 95% CI, 0.32-1.08, P = .089, n = 88), or women with excess GWG (0.58, 95% CI, 0.32-1.04, P = .07, n = 104). Recurrent bronchiolitis occurred in 5.3% (n = 1) of infants born to non-overweight mothers, 16.7% (n = 3) of infants of overweight mothers, and 21.7% (n = 5) of infants of obese mothers in the control group. In the F_ENO group, 2 infants of obese mothers had recurrent bronchiolitis (7.1%, P = .031). Conclusions: The benefits of F_ENO-based management are attenuated among obese mothers and those with excess GWG, indicating the importance of weight management in contributing to improved asthma management in pregnancy.]]> Mon 14 Nov 2022 20:28:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46290 Mon 14 Nov 2022 16:30:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46289 Mon 14 Nov 2022 16:24:03 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46219 Mon 14 Nov 2022 12:04:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51561 Mon 11 Sep 2023 09:34:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52280 Mon 09 Oct 2023 10:02:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53007 Mon 06 Nov 2023 08:50:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47892 Mon 06 Feb 2023 12:29:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54596 Mon 04 Mar 2024 08:42:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53538 Mon 04 Dec 2023 15:44:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48926 Mon 01 May 2023 08:56:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51925 Fri 22 Sep 2023 11:00:16 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40335 Fri 22 Jul 2022 14:44:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40130 n = 20, I² = 90.3%) and obesity (RR = 1.58, CI: 1.34–1.85, n = 21, I² = 92.2) compared with a reference group with metabolically healthy normal weight. Cardiovascular disease risk was similar irrespective of the number of risk factors used to define metabolically healthy and the risk remained in the group with no metabolic risk factors. Cardiovascular disease risk is increased in populations with overweight and obesity classified as metabolically healthy even when there were no metabolic risk factors.]]> Fri 22 Jul 2022 13:48:22 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39169 n = 38) or 2 g corn oil (CO) /day (control, n = 35) for 12 weeks in a double-blind randomised controlled trial. A fasting blood sample was collected at 0 and 12 weeks for assessment of IR, glucose and blood lipid profile. Sixty-eight participants completed the intervention. Compared with CO (n = 32), FO (n = 36) significantly reduced fasting insulin by -1.62 μIU/L (95%CI: -2.99, -0.26,) (p = 0.021) and HOMA-IR by -0.40 units (95%CI: -0.78, -0.02, p = 0.038). Higher insulin and HOMA-IR at baseline were associated with greater reductions in the FO group (p < 0.001). There was no interaction between sex and treatment for the change in insulin (p-interaction_{sex*treatment} = 0.816) or HOMA-IR (p-interaction_{sex*treatment} = 0.825). DHA-enriched FO reduces IR in adults with abdominal obesity, however, sex-dependent differences were not evident in this study.]]> Fri 20 May 2022 16:31:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40166 50% among nine studies. Among underweight women, the percentage of women who gained inadequate gestational weight ranged from 67% to 98%. Only two studies were included in the meta-analyses to evaluate the association of gestational weight gain with pre-eclampsia and macrosomia. No difference was observed among women who gained inadequate and adequate gestational weight regarding experiencing pre-eclampsia (RR, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.22, 2.28, P = 0.57). Excessive gestational weight gain was not significantly associated with macrosomia compared to adequate weight gain (RR, 0.68; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.22, P = 0.20). Conclusion: A substantial proportion of sub-Saharan African women gain inadequate gestational weight particularly high among underweight women. Future interventions would need to design effective pre-pregnancy weight management strategies.]]> Fri 15 Jul 2022 10:39:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40055 2) and obesity (BMI ≥30.00 kg/m²) among older adults in Ghana. Data were used from a nationally representative, multistage sample of 3350 people aged 50+ years from the World Health Organization’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE; 2014/15). Health service utilization was measured by the number of health facility visits over a 12-month period. Direct costs (2017 US dollars) included out-of-pocket payments and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) claims. Associations between utilization and BMI were examined using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial regressions; and between costs and BMI using multivariable two-part regressions. Twenty-three percent were overweight and 13% were obese. Compared with normal-weight participants, overweight and obesity were associated with 75% and 159% more inpatient admissions, respectively. Obesity was also associated with 53% additional outpatient visits. One in five of the overweight and obese population had at least one chronic disease, and having chronic disease was associated with increased outpatient utilization. The average per person total costs for overweight was $78 and obesity was $132 compared with $35 for normal weight. The NHIS bore approximately 60% of the average total costs per person expended in 2014/15. Overweight and obese groups had significantly higher total direct healthcare costs burden of $121 million compared with $64 million for normal weight in the entire older adult Ghanaian population. Compared with normal weight, the total costs per person associated with overweight increased by 73% and more than doubled for obesity. Even though the total prevalence of overweight and obesity was about half of that of normal weight, the sum of their cost burden was almost doubled. Implementing weight reduction measures could reduce health service utilization and costs in this population.]]> Fri 15 Jul 2022 10:04:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40113 IL-5 and TSLP mRNA expression. In contrast, FoxP3 and IL-10 were less expressed in comparison with lean-allergic mice. In addition, the amount of CD11c⁺MHCII⁺PDL1⁺ dendritic cells was reduced, while the number of CD11c⁺MHCII⁺CD80⁺ DCs and CD3⁺CD4⁺GATA₃⁺IL-4⁺ cells was increased in obese-allergic mice in the spleen and lymph nodes when compared to lean-allergic mice. Conclusion: Obesity aggravated the immune histopathological characteristics in the EoE experimental model, which was associated with the reduction in the regulatory profile, and the increased inflammatory cells influx, related to the T_H2 profile. Altogether, the data provide new knowledge about obesity as a risk factor, worsening EoE symptoms, and contribute for future treatment strategies for this specific profile.]]> Fri 15 Jul 2022 09:55:49 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47281 Fri 13 Jan 2023 10:24:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38491 Fri 12 Nov 2021 12:50:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49373 6-month follow-up. Results: From 21 582 manuscripts identified, 107 RCT were included. Universities were the most common recruitment setting used in eighty-four studies (79 %). Less than half (46 %) of the studies provided sufficient information to evaluate whether individual recruitment strategies met sample size goals, with 77 % successfully achieving recruitment targets. Reporting for retention was slightly better with 69 % of studies providing sufficient information to determine whether individual retention strategies achieved adequate retention rates. Of these, 65 % had adequate retention. Conclusions: This review highlights poor reporting of recruitment and retention information across trials. Findings may not be applicable outside a university setting. Guidance on how to improve reporting practices to optimise recruitment and retention strategies within young adults could assist researchers in improving outcomes.]]> Fri 12 May 2023 13:45:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46107 −2) versus healthy-weight (BMI <25 kg·m⁻²) subjects with asthma. Design Databases including CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane, Embase and MEDLINE were searched up to July 2019 for English-language studies that recorded medication use or dose in obese and healthy-weight adults with asthma. A critical appraisal checklist was utilised for scrutinising methodological quality of eligible studies. Meta-analysis was performed and heterogeneity was examined with the use of the Chi-squared test. This review was conducted based on a published protocol (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO CRD42020148671). Results Meta-analysis showed that obese subjects are more likely to use asthma medications, including short-acting β2-agonists (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.17–2.60; p=0.006, I²=41%) and maintenance oral corticosteroids (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.49–2.31; p<0.001, I2=0%) compared to healthy-weight subjects. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose (µg·day⁻¹) was significantly higher in obese subjects (mean difference 208.14, 95% CI 107.01–309.27; p<0.001, I²=74%). Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) % predicted was significantly lower in obese subjects (mean difference −5.32%, 95% CI −6.75–−3.89; p<0.001, I²=42%); however, no significant differences were observed in FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio between groups. Conclusions We found that obese subjects with asthma have higher use of all included asthma medication classes and higher ICS doses than healthy-weight asthma subjects, despite lower FEV₁ and a similar FEV₁/FVC %. A better understanding of the factors driving increased medication use is required to improve outcomes in this subgroup of asthmatics.]]> Fri 11 Nov 2022 15:35:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46119 N = 8,177) were followed up every 2 to 3 years to ages 37 to 42 using the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. A latent class analysis identified obesity-risk classes based on time-dependent measures of income, education, physical activity, sleep quality, dietary behavior, depression, stressful events, and social functioning. Cox proportional hazards regression models examined associations between incident obesity and latent classes, controlling for covariates. Results: Four latent classes were identified, including a lower-risk referent class and classes characterized by poor exercise and diet, stress and low income, and multiple intermediate-level risks. Compared with the referent, all three risk classes had significantly higher obesity risk, with the highest risk in the stress and low-income group (hazard ratio = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.92-2.56). Individual risks associated with obesity included lower education, stressful life events, and lower vigorous physical activity. Conclusions: Young women without baseline obesity were at risk of developing obesity when they experienced co-occurring behavioral, socioeconomic, and psychosocial risks. Both latent classes and individual risk indicators offer insights into prevention strategies.]]> Fri 11 Nov 2022 15:01:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38948 Fri 11 Mar 2022 12:45:18 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51548 2 = .51. Follow-up univariate tests revealed that individuals with obesity endorsed significantly more maladaptive schemas and schema modes and significantly less healthy schema modes than individuals with normal weight. In addition, results demonstrated a significant effect of group on childhood trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, V = .19, F(6, 118) = 4.70, p < .001, partial η² = .19. Subsequent univariate tests and chi-square analyses indicated that individuals with obesity reported significantly more childhood trauma as well as significantly more PTSD symptoms within the last month than normal weight individuals. Conclusion: This was the first study to compare EMS and schema modes in treatment-seeking individuals with obesity and normal weight controls using the short form version 3 of the Young Schema Questionnaire and revised, 118-item, Schema Mode Inventory. Overall, findings revealed that individuals with obesity experience more complex and enduring psychological difficulties than normal weight individuals. Increased assessment and targeted treatment of these underlying mental health concerns may contribute to a more holistic conceptualisation of obesity and could improve the long-term success of weight management.]]> Fri 08 Sep 2023 14:57:55 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51508 Fri 08 Sep 2023 12:04:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37807 Fri 03 Dec 2021 10:33:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51372 Fri 01 Sep 2023 13:41:20 AEST ]]>